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Writing guide

  • Folder icon closed Folder open iconPreparing to get your message out
    • The message
    • The audience
    • Packaging
    • Drawing up a skeleton
  • Folder icon closed Folder open iconWriting to be read
    • How people read: print and online publications
    • Practical tips for achieving a plain, clear writing style
    • Plain language
    • Plain structure
    • The paragraph
    • Tools for effective writing
  • Folder icon closed Folder open iconStyle
    • UK English vs US English
    • Words to use and words to avoid
    • Nouns and Verbs
    • Capitalisation
    • Hyphens
    • Compound words
    • Singular and plural
    • Digital dialect
    • Numbers and dates
    • Abbreviations and acronyms
    • Countries and currencies
    • Signatures and names
    • Punctuation
  • Folder icon closed Folder open iconFormatting
    • Chapter titles and headings
    • Lists
    • Visuals: tables, graphs, diagrams
    • Table of contents
    • Headings
    • Quoted matter
    • Bold and italics
    • Footnotes
    • Other tools
  • Folder icon closed Folder open iconReferences and bibliographies
    • References
    • Bibliographies
    • Sample bibliographical entries
Formatting

Footnotes

Footnote references should ideally be placed at the end of the sentence, or at least at the end of a clause within a sentence. You should number footnotes consecutively through the whole work, and not separately within chapters.

Please keep the number of footnotes to a strict minimum and make the notes brief. Discursive notes should be avoided. Incorporate the material into the main text instead or omit it altogether.

Do not use footnotes as a medium for disseminating a mass of technical information.

Above all, do not put bibliographical references in footnotes: use the Harvard author-date system for these (see the section on compiling a bibliography) and include a list of references at the end of the work.

A footnote reference should appear as a superscript figure, like this. Stick it to the last letter of the word, without using a space to separate the two. Place it before any punctuation.

Example:

ETF European Training Foundation | Guide for Authors | 2022 © All Rights Reserved